When choosing an rf coaxial cable, engineers and technical buyers often face the question of which family best suits their needs. Common groups include RG-series cables like RG174 and RG316, low-loss LMR options for extended runs, and micro-coax for ultra-compact devices. Understanding the differences in electrical performance, mechanical construction, and environmental resilience is key to making the right choice. At Shenzhen Keesun Technology Co., Ltd, we provide a wide range of high-performance coaxial cable assemblies, helping customers select the most suitable solution for their applications.
At a glance: common RF coaxial cable families
RG-series cables: everyday reliability
The RG-series has been a backbone of RF connectivity for decades. Models such as RG174, RG316, and RG58 remain popular due to their balance of flexibility, availability, and compatibility with standard connectors.
RG174: Compact and cost-effective, often used in internal device wiring or short patch leads. Its thin diameter makes it lightweight, though it carries higher attenuation at high frequencies.
RG316: Similar size but built with PTFE dielectric, offering better temperature resistance and lower loss than RG174. It is commonly found in aerospace, defense, and industrial testing setups where reliability under extreme conditions is critical.
RG58: Larger in diameter, providing reduced attenuation over distance, making it suitable for medium-length antenna feeders and general-purpose RF setups.
The main trade-off within RG cables is between flexibility and loss: thinner cables are easier to route, but they sacrifice signal performance compared to thicker variants. For cost-sensitive projects where cable runs are short, RG cables remain one of the most widely adopted options worldwide.
LMR family: built for low loss
For applications requiring longer cable runs or higher power handling, the LMR series is the go-to solution. Cables like LMR-200, LMR-240, and LMR-400 are designed with advanced dielectric materials and shielding, significantly reducing attenuation compared to standard RG cables.
These cables are particularly valuable for outdoor antenna feeders, telecom base stations, and wireless infrastructure projects. Their robust jackets often resist UV radiation and moisture, ensuring long service life even in harsh climates. The slight increase in stiffness compared to RG cables is offset by their superior electrical performance. In addition, the LMR family provides excellent shielding effectiveness, reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improving overall signal clarity in crowded RF environments.
Micro-coax: when space matters
Modern consumer electronics, IoT devices, and portable communication systems demand tiny interconnects. Micro-coax cables such as 0.81 mm, 1.13 mm, and 1.37 mm variants are engineered for these compact spaces.
Despite their small size, they maintain controlled impedance and reliable performance across a wide frequency spectrum. Typical applications include laptop Wi-Fi modules, drone communication links, and wearable devices. The trade-off is that their delicate structure requires careful handling, and they are best terminated with precision connectors like IPEX or U.FL. For manufacturers designing next-generation compact electronics, micro-coax offers the flexibility to save board space without compromising RF integrity.
Electrical characteristics compared: attenuation, impedance, VSWR
Frequency vs. attenuation
The most important electrical parameter for an rf coaxial cable is attenuation—how much signal strength is lost per unit length. This is strongly influenced by cable diameter, dielectric quality, and shielding.
RG174: Higher attenuation, suitable for short runs under a few feet.
RG316: Lower loss than RG174, can handle moderate distances with stable performance.
LMR-200: Much lower attenuation, ideal for antenna feeders and long coax runs.
Micro-coax: Loss varies significantly but is typically higher due to small conductor size, making them best suited for internal wiring rather than external feeders.
How to read datasheets
Datasheets for coaxial cables include terms that are critical for selection:
Dielectric type: PTFE offers wide temperature tolerance and stable performance, while PE or PVC dielectrics are more cost-effective.
Velocity factor: Indicates signal propagation speed within the cable; higher values generally improve timing accuracy in RF systems.
Power handling: Larger cables dissipate heat more effectively, supporting higher RF power without degradation.
Understanding these parameters allows designers to avoid mismatched cables that might introduce reflections or limit performance. It also ensures that system-level efficiency, especially in high-frequency bands such as 5G or satellite communication, remains uncompromised.
Mechanical and environmental differences
Flexibility, bend radius, and temperature range
Mechanical performance often decides whether a cable will succeed in real-world deployment. RG174, with its slim build, can bend around tight corners with minimal stress, but it sacrifices durability under repeated flexing. RG316 withstands higher temperatures, making it reliable in aerospace and automotive electronics. LMR cables, while less flexible, provide a robust balance for installations requiring durability and long-term stability.
Temperature ranges also differ: PTFE-based cables like RG316 tolerate up to +200°C, while PVC-jacketed versions are limited to about +85°C. Choosing the right jacket ensures the cable won’t degrade prematurely in its environment. Some industrial users also require halogen-free jackets for compliance with fire safety standards, adding another factor to consider during selection.
Outdoor vs. indoor deployment
Environmental resistance is critical for antenna feeders and telecom systems. LMR cables with UV-stabilized jackets survive long-term outdoor exposure and can even be direct-buried with moisture-blocking designs. By contrast, micro-coax is strictly for indoor use, integrated into devices where protection is provided by enclosures. RG cables vary widely depending on jacket material, so checking specifications is essential.
Connector termination and assembly options
Factory vs. field termination
Coaxial cables can be ordered as complete assemblies or terminated in the field. Factory assemblies, such as those from Keesun, guarantee controlled impedance, precise crimping, and tested performance up to 18 GHz. Field termination may reduce lead time for quick fixes, but it carries risks of inconsistent VSWR or connector mismatch. For mission-critical applications like defense communications or satellite links, factory assemblies are the safer and more reliable choice.
Common connector pairings
Micro-coax: IPEX, U.FL, MHF series for compact PCB connections.
RG174/RG316: Often paired with SMA, SMB, or BNC connectors.
LMR cables: Typically matched with N-type, TNC, or larger SMA connectors for low-loss connections in outdoor installations.
Selecting the correct connector type ensures mechanical compatibility and minimizes reflection losses. Matching connector plating (such as gold or nickel) to environmental needs also extends service life in challenging conditions.
Use-case buckets: which cable for which application
Laboratory and test setups
In testing environments, low VSWR and repeatability are crucial. RG316 cables, with PTFE dielectrics and stability across wide temperature ranges, are preferred in labs where cables may be flexed repeatedly but must maintain precise electrical characteristics. For calibration setups, these cables ensure accuracy without introducing additional errors.
Antenna feeders and outdoor infrastructure
For base stations, Wi-Fi hotspots, or directional antennas, LMR cables are the clear choice. Their low loss over distance, UV resistance, and high power handling make them reliable for outdoor installations. This ensures stable connectivity, even in demanding climates. As wireless networks expand to support IoT and smart city projects, LMR cables provide the necessary durability to keep infrastructure online with minimal maintenance.
Internal device wiring
When space, weight, and flexibility are the priority, micro-coax cables excel. They allow OEMs to integrate wireless connectivity into tablets, drones, and portable electronics without adding bulk. Their small diameter and light weight support compact designs while maintaining RF reliability. In medical devices such as portable monitoring equipment, micro-coax ensures both miniaturization and consistent signal quality.
Conclusion
Choosing the right rf coaxial cable depends on balancing electrical performance, environmental conditions, and mechanical needs. Whether selecting RG-series for general use, LMR for low-loss outdoor runs, or micro-coax for compact electronics, Shenzhen Keesun Technology Co., Ltd provides precision-engineered cable assemblies tested up to 18 GHz. Explore our customizable solutions and connector options to find the perfect match for your system. Contact us today to discuss your requirements and ensure stable, high-quality connections in every application.
